[Effect of short-term garlic extract supplementation on oxidative stress indices during rest and induced-exercise exhaustion in male soccer players]

The present study aims to investigate the effects of exhaustive running and different doses of short-term garlic supplementation on total antioxidant capacity [TAC] and Malondialdehyde [MDA] in during rest and exercise induced exhaustion in male soccer players. Thirty male football players [Average age: 20.8 +/- 1.45 y; maximum oxygen intake 67.2 +/- 5.4 ml/kg/min and body mass index 21.5 +/- 1.34 kg/m2] were divided randomly into three homogenous groups, the placebo group and the 2 garlic supplementation groups given two dosages [1200 and 2400 mg/day]. The first and second blood samples were taken in the basic state and after the Shuttle Run test and the third and fourth samples were taken after supplementation, in the basic state and after test. The parameters were then analyzed using one-way ANOVA, with a significance level of a=0.05. Exhaustive running significantly decreased TAC and increased MDA level in the blood serum of male football players. On the other hand, garlic supplementation increased TAC [P<0.01] and decreased MDA [P<0.01] in the basic state. Moreover, supplementation hindered significant increase in the level of MDA [P<0.05] in male football players after the test but it failed to stop the decrease in TAC [P<0.05] level. Furthermore, the decrease of TAC level in supplementation group was significantly [P<0.05] less than in the placebo group. Short-term garlic extract supplementation may increase TAC and MDA in male football players in the basic state and hinder the fall in the total antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress after vigorous exercises. On the other hand, neither dosages of 1200 nor 2400 mg/day of garlic extract showed any effects on TAC or MDA in the groups of players investigated

effect of short term endurance training on the expression of hepatic abcal and reverse cholesterol transport in male wistar rats

The Reverse Cholesterol Transport [RCT] process consists of removing excess cholesterol and phospholipids from peripheral cells to liver to exert as bile. This process consists of removing excess cholesterol by ABCA1 transporter to the Apolipoprotein A-l to form PreBeta HDL, which is then converted to spherical HDL by the action of LCAT enzyme. Previously we have shown that six weeks of endurance training has positive effects on expression of ABCA1. In the present study, we investigate the effect of short term endurance training on ABCA1 expression and other factors in RCT such as Apolipoprotein A-l, Prebeta HDL, LCAT activity and HDL-C concentration. Twenty-eight male wistar rats were subjected to endurance training treadmill running for 3 weeks, 5 days a week, 90 min with 26 m/min during each training session. Expression of hepatic ABCA1 was clearly evident following the 3 weeks of endurance training. The concentration of Apo A-l did not change because of endurance training but the results showed significant increases in PreBeta HDL [P=0/01], LCAT activity [P=0/04] and HDL-C concentration [P=0/004]. The results of this study clearly show that 3 weeks of endurance training with moderate intensity can improve the RCT process and has a positive effect in prevention of arteriosclerosis